Focus Rings — Design Spec

Most interactive elements currently use browser-default focus rings. There is no --c-focus-ring semantic token, leading to 5 different ad-hoc approaches across the codebase. This spec defines a single token, proves WCAG 2.4.11 compliance in both modes, and gives exact Tailwind classes for every element type. Relates to issue #167.

Design Spec
Root cause
No --c-focus-ring token — 5 different ring colors across the codebase
WCAG 2.4.11 failure
ring-accent in light mode (#a1dcd8 on white) = 1.52:1 — fails 3:1 minimum
Light token
#012851 brand-navy — 14:1 on white, 13:1 on sand — WCAG AAA ✓
Dark token
#a1dcd8 brand-mint — 14.3:1 on canvas (#010e1e) — WCAG AAA ✓
📐 Mockup scale notice — all font-size, height, and padding values in the mockup CSS are scaled to ~55% of actual implementation values. Do not copy sizes from mockup CSS. Use the ⚙ Implementation Reference tables after each section.
1 Issue Catalog
Issue 01 · Critical — WCAG 2.4.11 Failure
ring-accent in light mode = 1.52:1 contrast — fails the focus indicator minimum
The header (AppNav, UserMenu, LanguageSwitcher, ThemeToggle, NotificationBell) uses focus-visible:ring-accent. In light mode --c-accent: #a1dcd8. That mint ring on the white/sand background has a contrast ratio of 1.52:1 — the WCAG 2.4.11 minimum is 3:1 for the focus indicator against adjacent colors.

Notifications page filter pills (focus-visible:ring-accent focus-visible:ring-offset-2) have the same failure — the ring-offset is white (#fff), so the contrast is #a1dcd8 vs #fff = 1.52:1.
Fix: Replace ring-accent with ring-focus-ring throughout. In light mode --c-focus-ring: #012851 gives 14:1 on white and 13:1 on sand — WCAG AAA.
Issue 02 · Critical — WCAG 2.4.11 Failure
Chip close buttons: focus:outline-none with no ring replacement
PersonMultiSelect.svelte:94 and TagInput.svelte:98 apply focus:outline-none to the chip × buttons with no replacement focus indicator. These are keyboard-operable interactive controls. Removing the browser outline without a replacement is a hard WCAG 2.4.11 fail — keyboard users cannot see which chip they are about to remove.

Additionally, TagInput.svelte:125 sets outline-none focus:ring-0 on the inner text input, also leaving it with zero focus indicator.
Fix: Remove the bare focus:outline-none from both chip close buttons and replace with focus:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring. For the TagInput inner input: remove focus:ring-0 and add focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring (show on focus, not just focus-visible, since this is a text field).
Issue 03 · High
No --c-focus-ring token — 5 different ring colors across the codebase
Current audit of focus / focus-visible classes across all Svelte files reveals five distinct ring-color decisions:

  • ring-accent — header elements, PanelHistory, MentionEditor, AppNav, UserGroupsSection
  • ring-ink — form inputs, textareas, selects (WhoWhenSection, DescriptionSection, TranscriptionSection, SearchFilterBar, ConversationFilterBar, ForgotPassword, profile forms)
  • ring-primary — PersonTypeahead compact mode
  • ring-black — PersonTypeahead dropdown (Headless UI default)
  • nothing — TagInput inner input, chip close buttons

With no single token to update, switching focus color for dark mode requires editing every file independently — and future components will continue to drift.
Fix: Add --c-focus-ring to layout.css (light + dark blocks) and --color-focus-ring: var(--c-focus-ring) in @theme inline. All components then use ring-focus-ring — one token to retheme all focus rings at once.
Issue 04 · Medium
Inconsistent ring width and missing ring-offset
Ring widths vary: some elements use ring-1 (1px, barely visible), some ring-2 (2px), and form inputs omit the width class entirely (Tailwind 4 default ring is 1px). No element outside the notifications page uses ring-offset, so the ring is drawn on top of the element border rather than floating outside it — making it hard to distinguish the focus ring from the border color change.

The correct visual: 2px ring + 2px offset on elements sitting on surface/canvas backgrounds. On the header (dark background), the ring draws directly without offset (ring appears clearly against navy).
Fix: Standardize on focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 for all buttons, links, and icon buttons on light backgrounds. For form inputs: focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring focus:ring-offset-0 (inputs need the ring to show on click, not just keyboard nav; offset-0 because the ring replaces the border-color signal). For header elements: focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring (no offset — ring reads clearly on navy bg).
2 Token Definition
Semantic Token Values
CSS Variable Mode Value Contrast (typical bg) WCAG
--c-focus-ring Light
#012851
14:1 on white · 13:1 on sand (#f0efe9) AAA ✓
--c-focus-ring Dark
#a1dcd8
14.3:1 on #010e1e · 9.2:1 on #011526 AAA ✓
Tailwind utility class ring-focus-ring (via --color-focus-ring: var(--c-focus-ring))
Why these values? Light mode reuses --c-primary (#012851), which already scores 14:1 on white for text — a free contrast win. Dark mode reuses --c-primary dark value (#a1dcd8 brand-mint), which scores 14.3:1 on the darkest canvas. Both exceed WCAG AAA (7:1) and comfortably pass WCAG 2.4.11's 3:1 minimum.
Why not reuse --c-primary?

--c-primary is used for button backgrounds and interactive text. If we map --c-focus-ring to the same value as --c-primary, the token works identically — and that is exactly the right choice here.

The distinction matters for clarity: --c-focus-ring is a semantic token with a specific purpose (focus indicators). Even if it resolves to the same hex today, a future redesign can update one without touching the other.

Having an explicit --c-focus-ring also makes it immediately clear in component code that a focus style is intentional, not an accidental color reuse.

Do not use --c-accent as a focus ring in light mode. --c-accent in light mode is #a1dcd8, a mint that scores only 1.52:1 on white backgrounds — decorative use only. This is the root cause of the current WCAG 2.4.11 failures in the header.
3 Element Gallery — Focus States

Each element shown idle (no focus) and focused. Left panel = light mode. Right panel = dark mode. Mockup values are ~55% scale.

3A — Text Inputs & Textareas Light
Idle
Focused (keyboard or click)
Focused + error border
Ring: 2px navy #012851 · Offset: 0px (ring sits flush against border) · Border also changes to focus-ring color on focus
3A — Text Inputs & Textareas Dark
Idle
Focused
Ring: 2px mint #a1dcd8 · Offset: 0px · Border also changes to ring-focus-ring
Implementation Reference — Text Inputs / Textareas / Selects Real values · mockup above is ~55% scale
ElementTailwind classes to ADD / CHANGEReal sizeNotes
Any text input, textarea, select focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring focus:border-focus-ring ring 2px Use focus: not focus-visible: — user must see which text field is active even on mouse click. Remove any focus:ring-ink, focus:ring-accent, focus:ring-primary, focus:ring-black. Do NOT add ring-offset — offset-0 is correct for inputs.
Error-state input (focused) focus:ring-focus-ring (ring color stays navy/mint) ring 2px The error border color (red-400) is the border — the focus ring is always ring-focus-ring. Two separate visual signals: border = validation state, ring = keyboard position.
Files / components to update WhoWhenSection.svelte · DescriptionSection.svelte · TranscriptionSection.svelte · SearchFilterBar.svelte · ConversationFilterBar.svelte (both instances) · forgot-password/+page.svelte · PanelHistory.svelte · MentionEditor.svelte · UserPasswordSection.svelte · UserProfileSection.svelte · PersonalInfoForm.svelte · PasswordChangeForm.svelte · PersonTypeahead.svelte
3B — Buttons (Primary & Ghost) Light
Primary idle
Primary focused
Ghost focused
Ring: 2px navy #012851 · Offset: 2px (white gap) · focus-visible only
3B — Buttons (Primary & Ghost) Dark
Primary focused
Ghost focused
Ring: 2px mint #a1dcd8 · Offset: 2px (dark canvas gap) · focus-visible only
Implementation Reference — Buttons Real values · mockup above is ~55% scale
ElementTailwind classesReal sizeNotes
Any button (primary, ghost, destructive) focus:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 ring 2px, offset 2px focus-visible: not focus: — buttons only need the ring for keyboard navigation, not mouse clicks. Min height 44px for all touch targets.
ring-offset color (light) Tailwind default ring-offset-white or omit (default = white) On light backgrounds the default white offset is correct. On sand background (bg-canvas), add focus-visible:ring-offset-canvas so the gap matches the page background.
ring-offset color (dark) focus-visible:ring-offset-canvas Critical: without this, the white offset flashes on dark backgrounds. Add focus-visible:ring-offset-canvas to all buttons that appear on dark/canvas backgrounds.
3C — Icon Buttons on Header Light (header = navy bg)
Idle
🔔
Focused
🔔
Nav link focused
Dokumente
Idle link
Personen
Ring: 2px mint #a1dcd8 · No offset (ring reads clearly on navy) · focus-visible only
3C — Icon Buttons on Header Dark (header = mid-navy)
Focused
🔔
Nav link focused
Dokumente
Ring: 2px mint #a1dcd8 · 1px navy offset (#01335e) so ring floats · focus-visible only
Implementation Reference — Header Icon Buttons & Nav Links Real values · mockup above is ~55% scale
ElementTailwind classesReal sizeNotes
Header icon button (light + dark) focus:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring ring 2px, no offset No ring-offset: ring appears directly on navy bg. In light mode, ring-focus-ring = navy → same as header bg → use mint instead? No: the navy header IS the background, so the ring colour is always mint (token resolves correctly in both modes). Contrast of mint (#a1dcd8) on navy header (#012851) = 4.1:1 — WCAG AA ✓.
AppNav links (desktop) Remove focus-visible:ring-accent, add focus-visible:ring-focus-ring ring 2px Files: AppNav.svelte lines 44, 54, 64, 74, 86, 145, 155, 165, 176
UserMenu avatar + close Remove focus-visible:ring-accent, add focus-visible:ring-focus-ring ring 2px File: UserMenu.svelte lines 36, 47
ThemeToggle, LanguageSwitcher, NotificationBell Remove focus-visible:ring-accent, add focus-visible:ring-focus-ring ring 2px Files: ThemeToggle.svelte:34, LanguageSwitcher.svelte:15, NotificationBell.svelte:157
3D — Tag / Person Chips with Close Button Light
Chip — close button focused
Briefe
Chip — close button idle (no focus)
Briefe
Input inside chip container (focused)
Briefe
Weiteres Tag…
Close button: 2px navy ring, no offset. Inner text input: 2px navy ring on the wrapping container.
3D — Tag / Person Chips with Close Button Dark
Chip — close button focused
Briefe
Close button: 2px mint ring, no offset. Touch target: min 44×44px (chip row padding pads to this).
Implementation Reference — Chip Close Buttons & TagInput / PersonMultiSelect Real values · mockup above is ~55% scale
ElementTailwind classesReal sizeNotes
Chip close button (×) focus:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring rounded ring 2px, no offset CURRENTLY: focus:outline-none with no ring — zero visible focus indicator. This is a hard WCAG 2.4.11 fail. Files: PersonMultiSelect.svelte:94, TagInput.svelte:98.
TagInput inner text input focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring ring 2px CURRENTLY: outline-none focus:ring-0 — completely suppressed. Remove both classes, add the focus ring. File: TagInput.svelte:125. The ring appears on the input itself (narrow), which is visually fine inside the chip container.
PersonMultiSelect inner input focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring ring 2px File: PersonMultiSelect.svelte:117 — same outline-none focus:ring-0 pattern. Same fix.
Touch target for close button min-h-[44px] min-w-[44px] or ensure chip row is ≥44px tall 44×44px min Most commonly undersized element — the × button inside chips is often 20–24px. Pad the chip row to 44px height or use p-2 on the button itself.
3E — Checkboxes Light
Ring: 2px navy #012851 · Offset: 2px white gap · Standard Tailwind checkbox pattern
3E — Checkboxes Dark
Ring: 2px mint #a1dcd8 · Offset: 2px dark canvas gap
Implementation Reference — Checkboxes Real values · mockup above is ~55% scale
ElementTailwind classesReal sizeNotes
input[type=checkbox] rounded focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring focus:ring-offset-2 ring 2px, offset 2px CURRENTLY: focus:ring-accent — fails light mode. File: UserGroupsSection.svelte:21. Tailwind does not need explicit focus:outline-none for checkboxes — it resets the outline via the preflight layer.
ring-offset-color (dark) focus:ring-offset-canvas Without this, the 2px ring offset shows as white on dark backgrounds. Add alongside the ring classes.
3F — Filter Pills (Notifications Page)
Current pattern is structurally correctfocus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-offset-2 with ring-accent. Only change needed: replace ring-accentring-focus-ring.

File: notifications/+page.svelte lines 114, 129, 152, 167 — four pill variants. Each currently has focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-accent focus-visible:ring-offset-2.
4 CSS Implementation — Exact Diff

Apply these changes first — all component-level fixes depend on the token existing.

frontend/src/routes/layout.css — token additions
/* ─── 3. Semantic tokens ───────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
@theme inline {
  /* ... existing tokens ... */
+
+  /* Focus ring */
+  --color-focus-ring: var(--c-focus-ring);
}

/* ─── 4. Light mode (default) ─────────────────────────────────────────────── */
:root {
  /* ... existing tokens ... */
+
+  /* Focus ring — brand-navy on white/sand = 14:1 WCAG AAA */
+  --c-focus-ring: #012851;
}

/* ─── 5. Dark mode ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme='light']) {
    /* ... existing tokens ... */
+
+    /* Focus ring — brand-mint on dark canvas = 14.3:1 WCAG AAA */
+    --c-focus-ring: #a1dcd8;
  }
}

/* Manual dark override */
:root[data-theme='dark'] {
  /* ... existing tokens ... */
+
+  --c-focus-ring: #a1dcd8;
}
Component changes — ring-accent → ring-focus-ring (header elements)
AppNav.svelte (lines 44, 54, 64, 74, 86, 145, 155, 165, 176):
- focus-visible:ring-accent
+ focus-visible:ring-focus-ring

UserMenu.svelte (lines 36, 47):
- focus-visible:ring-accent
+ focus-visible:ring-focus-ring

ThemeToggle.svelte (line 34):
- focus-visible:ring-accent
+ focus-visible:ring-focus-ring

LanguageSwitcher.svelte (line 15):
- focus-visible:ring-accent
+ focus-visible:ring-focus-ring

NotificationBell.svelte (line 157):
- focus-visible:ring-accent
+ focus-visible:ring-focus-ring

notifications/+page.svelte (lines 114, 129, 152, 167):
- focus-visible:ring-accent
+ focus-visible:ring-focus-ring
Component changes — form inputs (ring-ink → ring-focus-ring + add ring-2)
WhoWhenSection.svelte, DescriptionSection.svelte, TranscriptionSection.svelte,
SearchFilterBar.svelte, ConversationFilterBar.svelte (×2),
forgot-password/+page.svelte, UserPasswordSection.svelte, UserProfileSection.svelte,
PersonalInfoForm.svelte, PasswordChangeForm.svelte:
- focus:border-ink focus:ring-ink
- (or) focus:border-ink focus:outline-none
- (or) focus:border-ink focus:ring-1 focus:ring-ink
+ focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring focus:border-focus-ring

PanelHistory.svelte (lines 305, 320):
- focus:ring-1 focus:ring-accent focus:outline-none
+ focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring

MentionEditor.svelte (line 190):
- focus:ring-1 focus:ring-accent focus:outline-none
+ focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring
Component changes — critical fixes (outline suppressed with no replacement)
PersonMultiSelect.svelte (line 94) — chip close button:
- class="ml-0.5 text-ink/50 hover:text-red-500 focus:outline-none"
+ class="ml-0.5 text-ink/50 hover:text-red-500 focus:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring rounded"

PersonMultiSelect.svelte (line 117) — inner text input:
- class="min-w-[120px] flex-1 border-none bg-transparent p-1 text-sm outline-none focus:ring-0"
+ class="min-w-[120px] flex-1 border-none bg-transparent p-1 text-sm outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring"

TagInput.svelte (line 98) — chip close button:
- class="text-ink/50 hover:text-red-500 focus:outline-none"
+ class="text-ink/50 hover:text-red-500 focus:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring rounded"

TagInput.svelte (line 125) — inner text input:
- class="h-full w-full border-none bg-transparent p-1 text-sm outline-none focus:ring-0"
+ class="h-full w-full border-none bg-transparent p-1 text-sm outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring"

UserGroupsSection.svelte (line 21) — checkbox:
- class="rounded border-line text-ink focus:ring-accent"
+ class="rounded border-line text-ink focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring focus:ring-offset-2"

PersonTypeahead.svelte (lines 157–158) — both input variants:
- focus:border-primary focus:outline-none
- focus:border-accent focus:ring-accent
+ focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring focus:border-focus-ring

PersonTypeahead.svelte (line 163) — dropdown list:
- ring-1 ring-black
+ ring-1 ring-line   (decorative shadow border — not a focus ring, leave as semantic border color)
Tailwind 4 ring default is 1px (changed from 3px in v3). Always specify ring-2 explicitly — never rely on the default. Any component that has only focus:ring without a width is getting a 1px ring, which is too thin for WCAG 2.4.11 (the indicator perimeter area requirement).
5 Full Audit — Current vs Target
File Current ring color Current ring width Light contrast Status Change
AppNav.svelte (×9) ring-accent ring-2 1.52:1 on navy bg Fail 2.4.11 ring-focus-ring (mint on navy = 4.1:1 ✓)
UserMenu.svelte (×2) ring-accent ring-2 1.52:1 on navy bg Fail 2.4.11 ring-focus-ring
ThemeToggle.svelte ring-accent ring-2 1.52:1 on navy bg Fail 2.4.11 ring-focus-ring
LanguageSwitcher.svelte ring-accent ring-2 1.52:1 on navy bg Fail 2.4.11 ring-focus-ring
NotificationBell.svelte ring-accent ring-2 1.52:1 on navy bg Fail 2.4.11 ring-focus-ring
notifications/+page.svelte (×4) ring-accent ring-2 1.52:1 (white offset) Fail 2.4.11 ring-focus-ring
PersonMultiSelect.svelte chip close none (outline-none, no ring) 0 — invisible Fail 2.4.11 Add focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring
PersonMultiSelect.svelte inner input none (outline-none focus:ring-0) 0 — invisible Fail 2.4.11 Add focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring
TagInput.svelte chip close none (outline-none, no ring) 0 — invisible Fail 2.4.11 Add focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-focus-ring
TagInput.svelte inner input none (outline-none focus:ring-0) 0 — invisible Fail 2.4.11 Add focus:ring-2 focus:ring-focus-ring
UserGroupsSection.svelte checkbox ring-accent default (1px) 1.52:1 on white Fail 2.4.11 ring-2 ring-focus-ring ring-offset-2
PanelHistory.svelte inputs (×2) ring-accent ring-1 (thin) 1.52:1 on white Fail 2.4.11 ring-2 ring-focus-ring
MentionEditor.svelte textarea ring-accent ring-1 (thin) 1.52:1 on white Fail 2.4.11 ring-2 ring-focus-ring
PersonTypeahead.svelte input (compact) border-primary only no ring border only, no ring No ring Add ring-2 ring-focus-ring
PersonTypeahead.svelte input (standard) ring-accent default (1px) 1.52:1 on white Fail 2.4.11 ring-2 ring-focus-ring
WhoWhenSection, DescriptionSection, TranscriptionSection inputs ring-ink default (1px) 14:1 on white ✓ Color OK Width thin ring-2 ring-focus-ring (and add border-focus-ring)
Profile forms, password forms border-ink only (outline-none, no ring) no ring border only No ring Add ring-2 ring-focus-ring alongside border-focus-ring
SearchFilterBar, ConversationFilterBar inputs ring-ink default (1px) 14:1 on white ✓ Color OK Width thin ring-2 ring-focus-ring
forgot-password/+page.svelte input ring-ink ring-1 (thin) 14:1 on white ✓ Color OK Width thin ring-2 ring-focus-ring
6 Acceptance Criteria
Issue #167 — All items must pass before closing