docs: rewrite seq-auth-flow.puml for the Spring Session model (ADR-020)

Removes the cookie-promotion step (auth_token → Authorization: Basic) and
splits the diagram into three labelled phases: Login, Authenticated
request, Logout. Adds the spring_session DB round-trip on every
authenticated request and the alt branch for an expired session
returning 401 → /login?reason=expired.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs/architecture/c4/seq-auth-flow.puml

@@ -1,15 +1,21 @@
 @startuml
-title Authentication Flow (behind Caddy reverse proxy)
+title Authentication Flow (Spring Session JDBC, behind Caddy reverse proxy)
+note over Browser, DB
+  Phase 1 of the auth rewrite (ADR-020 / #523).
+  Replaces the Basic-credentials-in-cookie model
+  with an opaque server-side session id (fa_session).
+end note
 
 actor User
 participant Browser
 participant "Caddy (TLS termination)" as Caddy
 participant "Frontend (SvelteKit)" as Frontend
 participant "Backend (Spring Boot)" as Backend
-participant PostgreSQL as DB
+participant "spring_session\n(PostgreSQL)" as DB
 
+== Login ==
 User -> Browser: Enter email + password
-Browser -> Caddy: HTTPS POST /login (form action)
+Browser -> Caddy: HTTPS POST /?/login (form action)
 note right of Caddy
   Caddy terminates TLS and forwards
   to Frontend over HTTP with:
@@ -17,33 +23,54 @@ note right of Caddy
     X-Forwarded-For: <client IP>
     X-Forwarded-Host: archiv.raddatz.cloud
 end note
-Caddy -> Frontend: HTTP POST /login\n+ X-Forwarded-Proto: https
-Frontend -> Frontend: Base64 encode "email:password"
-Frontend -> Backend: GET /api/users/me\nAuthorization: Basic <token>\n+ X-Forwarded-Proto: https
+Caddy -> Frontend: HTTP POST /?/login + X-Forwarded-Proto: https
+Frontend -> Backend: POST /api/auth/login\n{email, password}\n+ X-Forwarded-Proto: https
 note right of Backend
   server.forward-headers-strategy: native
-  Jetty's ForwardedRequestCustomizer
-  reads X-Forwarded-Proto so
-  request.getScheme() returns "https".
+  → request.getScheme() = "https"
+  → Secure cookie flag set automatically.
 end note
-Backend -> Backend: Spring Security parses Basic Auth
+Backend -> Backend: AuthenticationManager\nauthenticate(email, password)
 Backend -> DB: SELECT user WHERE email=?
 DB --> Backend: AppUser + groups + permissions
-Backend -> Backend: BCrypt.matches(password, hash)
-Backend --> Frontend: 200 OK — UserDTO
-Frontend -> Caddy: Set-Cookie: auth_token=<base64>\n(httpOnly, **Secure**, SameSite=strict, maxAge=86400)
-note right of Frontend
-  Secure flag is set because the
-  request scheme observed by the
-  app is https (forwarded by Caddy).
-end note
-Caddy -> Browser: HTTPS 200 + Set-Cookie
-Browser -> Caddy: HTTPS GET / (next request)
-Caddy -> Frontend: HTTP GET / + X-Forwarded-Proto: https
-Frontend -> Frontend: hooks.server.ts reads auth_token cookie
-Frontend -> Backend: GET /api/users/me\nAuthorization: Basic <token>
-Backend --> Frontend: 200 OK — user in event.locals
-Frontend --> Caddy: rendered page
-Caddy --> Browser: HTTPS 200
+Backend -> Backend: BCrypt.matches(password, hash)\n(timing-safe: dummy hash on miss)
+Backend -> Backend: getSession(true).setAttribute(\n  SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT, ctx)
+Backend -> DB: INSERT spring_session\n+ spring_session_attributes
+Backend -> Backend: AuditService.log(LOGIN_SUCCESS,\n  {userId, ip, ua})
+Backend --> Frontend: 200 OK — AppUser\nSet-Cookie: fa_session=<opaque>;\n  Path=/; HttpOnly; SameSite=Strict; Secure
+Frontend -> Frontend: Parse Set-Cookie, re-emit fa_session\n(matches backend attrs)
+Frontend --> Caddy: 303 → /\nSet-Cookie: fa_session=<opaque>
+Caddy --> Browser: HTTPS 303 + Set-Cookie
+
+== Authenticated request ==
+Browser -> Caddy: HTTPS GET /\nCookie: fa_session=<opaque>
+Caddy -> Frontend: HTTP GET / + Cookie + X-Forwarded-Proto: https
+Frontend -> Frontend: hooks.server.ts reads fa_session
+Frontend -> Backend: GET /api/users/me\nCookie: fa_session=<opaque>
+Backend -> DB: SELECT * FROM spring_session\nWHERE SESSION_ID = ?
+DB --> Backend: row (or null if expired)
+alt Session valid
+  Backend -> DB: UPDATE spring_session\nSET LAST_ACCESS_TIME = now
+  Backend --> Frontend: 200 OK — AppUser
+  Frontend --> Caddy: rendered page
+  Caddy --> Browser: HTTPS 200
+else Session expired (idle > 8h) or unknown
+  Backend --> Frontend: 401 Unauthorized
+  Frontend -> Frontend: hooks: delete fa_session cookie
+  Frontend --> Caddy: 302 → /login?reason=expired
+  Caddy --> Browser: HTTPS 302
+end
+
+== Logout ==
+Browser -> Caddy: HTTPS POST /logout
+Caddy -> Frontend: HTTP POST /logout\nCookie: fa_session=<opaque>
+Frontend -> Backend: POST /api/auth/logout\nCookie: fa_session=<opaque>
+Backend -> Backend: session.invalidate()\nSecurityContextHolder.clearContext()
+Backend -> DB: DELETE FROM spring_session\nWHERE SESSION_ID = ?
+Backend -> Backend: AuditService.log(LOGOUT,\n  {userId, ip, ua})
+Backend --> Frontend: 204 No Content
+Frontend -> Frontend: cookies.delete('fa_session')
+Frontend --> Caddy: 303 → /login
+Caddy --> Browser: HTTPS 303 (cookie cleared)
 
 @enduml